Dria

Summary The SwanManager contract implements key functionalities necessary for the operation of the Swan ecosystem. However, several vulnerabilities have been identified that could lead to unauthorized access, fund mismanagement, and the potential for malicious exploitation. The following report outlines these vulnerabilities, their impacts, and recommended mitigations.

Vulnerability Details

1. Access Control Vulnerability

Issue: The SwanManager contract functions that alter state variables are restricted to the owner. Should the owner's private key be compromised, an attacker could manipulate critical contract parameters.

Severity: High

Impact: Unauthorized control over contract operations could result in fund misappropriation or alterations to market parameters.

2. Reentrancy Vulnerability

Issue: Functions like purchase and transferRoyalties perform external calls to transfer tokens without utilizing reentrancy guards. This opens the potential for reentrancy attacks.

Severity: Medium

Impact: Attackers could exploit this vulnerability to drain funds or execute unexpected actions during token transfers.

3. Insufficient Parameter Validation

Issue: While the contract restricts the platform fee to a maximum of 100%, it lacks validation for other parameters such as withdrawal intervals, sell intervals, and buy intervals.

Severity: Medium

Impact: Lack of validation may allow configurations that could disrupt the normal operation of the contract, leading to unforeseen errors or exploitation.

Impact Exploitation of the identified vulnerabilities can lead to:

Unauthorized Access: Loss of control over the contract and its operations.

Financial Loss: Potential theft of funds through unauthorized transactions or manipulation of contract parameters.

Loss of User Trust: Damage to the reputation of the Swan ecosystem, affecting user adoption and engagement.

Tools Used Manual Code Review: Comprehensive examination of the contract code.

Static Analysis Tools: Utilized tools such as Slither and Mythril for automated vulnerability detection.

Recommendations 1. Enhance Access Control:

Implement multi-signature wallets or role-based access control mechanisms to reduce the risks associated with single points of failure.

2. Implement Reentrancy Guards:

Utilize OpenZeppelin's ReentrancyGuard to safeguard functions that involve external calls, preventing reentrancy attacks.

3. Comprehensive Parameter Validation:

Introduce checks for all input parameters, ensuring they adhere to sensible thresholds, preventing the possibility of nonsensical or malicious configurations.

4. Event Emission for Transparency:

Emit events for all key state changes to enhance transparency and allow for effective tracking of contract operations.

5. Upgradeability Considerations:

Consider employing an upgradeable pattern (e.g., OpenZeppelin's proxy pattern) to facilitate seamless contract upgrades while preserving state.