Rust Fund

AI First Flight #9
Beginner FriendlyRust
EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: medium
Valid

Refund logic updates lamports but does not update aggregate fund accounting

Description

Refund does not decrease fund.amount_raised

This protocol includes a mechanism that allows donors to receive a refund if they are not satisfied with their contribution to a campaign of their choice.

If a donor attempts a refund, the donation amount is always set to '0', making a refund impossible.

Furthermore, if a refund is made, the total amount is deducted and not updated, resulting in economic exclusivity where the 'creator' withdraws the funds.

  • Root cause

    The refund function transfers lamports out of the fund and resets the contributor amount, but it does not reduce fund.amount_raised.


    Affected code:

let amount = ctx.accounts.contribution.amount;
@> **ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? =
@> ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().lamports()
.checked_sub(amount)
.ok_or(ProgramError::InsufficientFunds)?;
**ctx.accounts.contributor.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? =
ctx.accounts.contributor.to_account_info().lamports()
.checked_add(amount)
.ok_or(ErrorCode::CalculationOverflow)?;
ctx.accounts.contribution.amount = 0;

Risk

Impact:

After a refund:

  • real lamports in fund decrease,

  • but fund.amount_raised still shows the old value.


    This corrupts aggregate accounting and can break future withdrawal logic.
    The creator may later try to withdraw amount_raised, but the actual fund balance may no longer contain that amount.

Proof of Concept

I will explain economic exclusivity with an example.

1. Bob contributes 3 SOL.
2. fund.amount_raised becomes 3.
3. Bob refunds 3 SOL.
4. Fund lamports decrease by 3.
5. fund.amount_raised stays 3.
6. Creator later calls withdraw and tries to pull 3 SOL that is no longer there.

Recommended Mitigation

Reduce fund.amount_raised during refund using checked subtraction.

- **ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? =
- ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().lamports()
- .checked_sub(amount)
- .ok_or(ProgramError::InsufficientFunds)?;
+ ctx.accounts.fund.amount_raised = ctx.accounts.fund
+ .amount_raised
+ .checked_sub(amount)
+ .ok_or(ErrorCode::CalculationOverflow)?;
Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge about 2 hours ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[M-03] Fund Creator Can't Withdraw If Someone Has Refunded Their Contribution

# \[H-02] Fund Creator Can't Withdraw If Someone Has Refunded Their Contribution ## Description The `refund` function does not update `fund.amount_raised`, causing an inconsistency between the fund's actual balance and the recorded raised amount. As a result, when the fund creator tries to withdraw funds, the transaction may fail due to insufficient balance, effectively locking funds in the contract. ## Vulnerability Details The issue arises in the `refund` function, which transfers funds back to the contributor but does not update the `amount_raised` field: ```rust pub fn refund(ctx: Context<FundRefund>) -> Result<()> { let amount = ctx.accounts.contribution.amount; if ctx.accounts.fund.deadline != 0 && ctx.accounts.fund.deadline > Clock::get().unwrap().unix_timestamp.try_into().unwrap() { return Err(ErrorCode::DeadlineNotReached.into()); } ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? = ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().lamports() .checked_sub(amount) .ok_or(ProgramError::InsufficientFunds)?; ctx.accounts.contributor.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? = ctx.accounts.contributor.to_account_info().lamports() .checked_add(amount) .ok_or(ErrorCode::CalculationOverflow)?; // Reset contribution amount after refund ctx.accounts.contribution.amount = 0; Ok(()) } ``` The issue becomes evident when the fund creator attempts to withdraw using the following function: ```rust pub fn withdraw(ctx: Context<FundWithdraw>) -> Result<()> { let amount = ctx.accounts.fund.amount_raised; ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? = ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().lamports() .checked_sub(amount) .ok_or(ProgramError::InsufficientFunds)?; ctx.accounts.creator.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? = ctx.accounts.creator.to_account_info().lamports() .checked_add(amount) .ok_or(ErrorCode::CalculationOverflow)?; Ok(()) } ``` Since `amount_raised` is never updated when a refund occurs, the creator will attempt to withdraw more than what actually exists in the fund, causing an insufficient funds error and failing the transaction. ## Impact - If any contributor requests a refund, the total balance in the fund decreases. However, `fund.amount_raised` remains unchanged, leading to an overestimated available balance. - When the fund creator calls `withdraw`, they attempt to transfer `fund.amount_raised`, which no longer matches the actual available balance. - This results in a failed transaction, effectively locking funds in the contract since the withdraw function will always fail if refunds have been processed. ## Proof of Concept This issue is not currently caught by tests because the `contribute` function itself has a bug (not updating `contribution.amount`), preventing the refund function from executing properly. Once the contribute function is fixed, the issue will be clearly visible in test cases. ## Recommendations The `refund` function must update `fund.amount_raised` to ensure the contract state reflects the actual balance after refunds. ### Fixed Code: ```diff pub fn refund(ctx: Context<FundRefund>) -> Result<()> { let amount = ctx.accounts.contribution.amount; if ctx.accounts.fund.deadline != 0 && ctx.accounts.fund.deadline > Clock::get().unwrap().unix_timestamp.try_into().unwrap() { return Err(ErrorCode::DeadlineNotReached.into()); } ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? = ctx.accounts.fund.to_account_info().lamports() .checked_sub(amount) .ok_or(ProgramError::InsufficientFunds)?; ctx.accounts.contributor.to_account_info().try_borrow_mut_lamports()? = ctx.accounts.contributor.to_account_info().lamports() .checked_add(amount) .ok_or(ErrorCode::CalculationOverflow)?; // Reset contribution amount after refund ctx.accounts.contribution.amount = 0; + // Fix: Decrease the fund's recorded amount_raised + let fund = &mut ctx.accounts.fund; + fund.amount_raised = fund.amount_raised.checked_sub(amount).ok_or(ErrorCode::CalculationOverflow)?; Ok(()) } ```

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