Santa's List

AI First Flight #3
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EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: high
Valid

The `checkList` function lacks access control, allowing anyone to modify user status

The checkList function lacks access control, allowing anyone to modify user status


Description:

The checkList function is intended to mark a person as NICE, EXTRA_NICE, or NAUGHTY during the first verification step, and according to the documentation, only the Santa account should be able to call it.

/*
* @notice Do a first pass on someone if they are naughty or nice.
@> * Only callable by santa
*
* @param person The person to check
* @param status The status of the person
*/
@> function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}

However, the function currently has no modifier and performs no access control checks. Any address can call it and update the s_theListCheckedOnce mapping, altering a user’s first-step status arbitrarily.

Because there is no restriction, this can be done without permissions or special conditions.


Risk

Likelihood: High

  • The function is publicly accessible

  • Exploitation requires no privileges or setup

  • Any user can call it to modify first-step status for themselves or others

  • No timing, randomness, or complex conditions are required

Impact: Low

  • Unauthorized users can modify the first-step status of any address, violating the protocol’s intended access control model

  • This weakens the integrity and trust assumptions of the list verification process


Proof of Concept

To demonstrate the vulnerability, we create a simple test showing that any user can call the checkList function and modify their first-step status without any restrictions.

function testUserCanCallCheckList() public {
// Impersonate a regular user
vm.prank(user);
// Call checkList to set the user's status to EXTRA_NICE
santasList.checkList(user, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE);
// Verify that the status was updated
assert(santasList.getNaughtyOrNiceOnce(user) == SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE);
}

The test can be executed using the following command:

forge test --match-test testUserCanCallCheckList

Output:

Ran 1 test for test/unit/SantasListTest.t.sol:SantasListTest
[PASS] testUserCanCallCheckList() (gas: 37575)
Suite result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 skipped; finished in 1.83ms (101.84µs CPU time)
Ran 1 test suite in 7.16ms (1.83ms CPU time): 1 tests passed, 0 failed, 0 skipped (1 total tests)

As demonstrated by the test, a user who is not Santa was able to set their desired status. This confirms the presence of an access control vulnerability in the checkList function.


Recommended Mitigation

Add an access control modifier to restrict calls to the checkList function exclusively to the santa account.

- function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
+ function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}
Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge about 23 hours ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[H-01] Anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract and prevent any address from becoming `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` and collect present.

## Description With the current design of the protocol, anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract, while documentation says only Santa should be able to call it. This can be considered as an access control vulnerability, because not only santa is allowed to make the first check. ## Vulnerability Details An attacker could simply call the external `checkList` function, passing as parameter the address of someone else and the enum Status `NAUGHTY`(or `NOT_CHECKED_TWICE`, which should actually be `UNKNOWN` given documentation). By doing that, Santa will not be able to execute `checkTwice` function correctly for `NICE` and `EXTRA_NICE` people. Indeed, if Santa first checked a user and assigned the status `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`, anyone is able to call `checkList` function again, and by doing so modify the status. This could result in Santa unable to execute the second check. Moreover, any malicious actor could check the mempool and front run Santa just before calling `checkTwice` function to check users. This would result in a major denial of service issue. ## Impact The impact of this vulnerability is HIGH as it results in a broken mechanism of the check list system. Any user could be declared `NAUGHTY` for the first check at any time, preventing present collecting by users although Santa considered the user as `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`. Santa could still call `checkList` function again to reassigned the status to `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` before calling `checkTwice` function, but any malicious actor could front run the call to `checkTwice` function. In this scenario, it would be impossible for Santa to actually double check a `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` user. ## Proof of Concept Just copy paste this test in SantasListTest contract : ``` function testDosAttack() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // any user can checList any address and assigned status to naughty // an attacker could front run Santa before the second check santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); vm.startPrank(santa); vm.expectRevert(); // Santa is unable to check twice the user santasList.checkTwice(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NICE); vm.stopPrank(); } ``` ## Recommendations I suggest to add the `onlySanta` modifier to `checkList` function. This will ensure the first check can only be done by Santa, and prevent DOS attack on the contract. With this modifier, specification will be respected : "In this contract Only Santa to take the following actions: - checkList: A function that changes an address to a new Status of NICE, EXTRA_NICE, NAUGHTY, or UNKNOWN on the original s_theListCheckedOnce list." The following code will resolve this access control issue, simply by adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta { s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status; emit CheckedOnce(person, status); } ``` No malicious actor is now able to front run Santa before `checkTwice` function call. The following tests shows that doing the first check for another user is impossible after adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function testDosResolved() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // checklist function call will revert if a user tries to execute the first check for another user vm.expectRevert(SantasList.SantasList__NotSanta.selector); santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); } ```

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