Santa's List

AI First Flight #3
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EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: high
Valid

Anyone can call `checkList` and modify user data due to missing access control

Root + Impact

Description

This function is intended to be used only by Santa to update the checklist, as stated in the code comments.

However, the checkList function does not enforce any access control, so any external address can call it and update their own entry. This allows the checklist process to be bypassed and breaks the core logic the protocol relies on.

function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
@> s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}

Risk

Likelihood: High

  • Any external address can call checkList at any time since the function is publicly accessible.

  • This behavior occurs during normal contract interaction without requiring special conditions or permissions.

Impact: High

  • Users can modify their own checklist entry without authorization.

  • This breaks the intended trust model and undermines the protocol’s core verification logic.

Proof of Concept

The following test shows that a non-Santa address can call checkList without any restrictions.
The call succeeds and updates the caller’s checklist entry, confirming that access control is missing and the function can be abused by any external address.

function test_NonSantaCanCallCheckList() public {
address nonSanta = address(0xBEEF);
vm.prank(nonSanta);
santasList.checkList(nonSanta, SantasList.Status.NICE);
assertEq(
uint8(santasList.getNaughtyOrNiceOnce(nonSanta)),
uint8(SantasList.Status.NICE)
);
}

Recommended Mitigation

Restrict the checkList function so that it can only be called by Santa.
The contract already defines an onlySanta modifier, which can be reused to enforce the intended access control and prevent unauthorized users from modifying checklist entries.

- function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
+ function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}
Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge about 4 hours ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[H-01] Anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract and prevent any address from becoming `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` and collect present.

## Description With the current design of the protocol, anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract, while documentation says only Santa should be able to call it. This can be considered as an access control vulnerability, because not only santa is allowed to make the first check. ## Vulnerability Details An attacker could simply call the external `checkList` function, passing as parameter the address of someone else and the enum Status `NAUGHTY`(or `NOT_CHECKED_TWICE`, which should actually be `UNKNOWN` given documentation). By doing that, Santa will not be able to execute `checkTwice` function correctly for `NICE` and `EXTRA_NICE` people. Indeed, if Santa first checked a user and assigned the status `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`, anyone is able to call `checkList` function again, and by doing so modify the status. This could result in Santa unable to execute the second check. Moreover, any malicious actor could check the mempool and front run Santa just before calling `checkTwice` function to check users. This would result in a major denial of service issue. ## Impact The impact of this vulnerability is HIGH as it results in a broken mechanism of the check list system. Any user could be declared `NAUGHTY` for the first check at any time, preventing present collecting by users although Santa considered the user as `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`. Santa could still call `checkList` function again to reassigned the status to `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` before calling `checkTwice` function, but any malicious actor could front run the call to `checkTwice` function. In this scenario, it would be impossible for Santa to actually double check a `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` user. ## Proof of Concept Just copy paste this test in SantasListTest contract : ``` function testDosAttack() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // any user can checList any address and assigned status to naughty // an attacker could front run Santa before the second check santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); vm.startPrank(santa); vm.expectRevert(); // Santa is unable to check twice the user santasList.checkTwice(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NICE); vm.stopPrank(); } ``` ## Recommendations I suggest to add the `onlySanta` modifier to `checkList` function. This will ensure the first check can only be done by Santa, and prevent DOS attack on the contract. With this modifier, specification will be respected : "In this contract Only Santa to take the following actions: - checkList: A function that changes an address to a new Status of NICE, EXTRA_NICE, NAUGHTY, or UNKNOWN on the original s_theListCheckedOnce list." The following code will resolve this access control issue, simply by adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta { s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status; emit CheckedOnce(person, status); } ``` No malicious actor is now able to front run Santa before `checkTwice` function call. The following tests shows that doing the first check for another user is impossible after adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function testDosResolved() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // checklist function call will revert if a user tries to execute the first check for another user vm.expectRevert(SantasList.SantasList__NotSanta.selector); santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); } ```

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