Santa's List

AI First Flight #3
Beginner FriendlyFoundry
EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: high
Valid

`SantaList::buyPresent` Allows Attackers to Burn Users' SantaTokens

`SantaList::buyPresent` Allows Attackers to Burn Users' SantaTokens While Receiving the NFT

Description

  • SantaList::buyPresent accepts an arbitrary presentReceiver address and uses this address as the account from which 1e18 SantaTokens are burned.

    function buyPresent(address presentReceiver) external {
    @> i_santaToken.burn(presentReceiver);
    _mintAndIncrement();
    }
  • The SantaToken::burn function only verifies that the caller is the authorized SantaList contract.

function burn(address from) external {
if (msg.sender != i_santasList) {
revert SantaToken__NotSantasList();
}
@> _burn(from, 1e18);
}
  • There is no validation that presentReceiver is the same address as msg.sender.

  • Consequently, an attacker can call: buyPresent(user);

  • The SantaList contract will burn 1e18 SantaTokens from the user, while _mintAndIncrement() mints the NFT to msg.sender, which is the attacker.
    This is possible because collectPresent() gives each eligible address 1e18 SantaTokens, but buyPresent() does not require the caller to be the owner of the tokens being burned.


Risk

Likelihood:

An attacker can can burn SantaTokens of other eligible addresses, potentially draining the SantaTokens distributed to them.

Impact:

An attacker can spend another user's SantaTokens without their authorization and receive the corresponding NFT for themselves.

Proof of Concept

Add the following test to `SantaListTest.t.sol` and run test command.
function test_anyoneCanBuyPresentEvenWhenNotHavingSantaToken() public {
address attacker = makeAddr("attacker");
vm.startPrank(santa);
santasList.checkList(user, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE);
santasList.checkTwice(user, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE);
vm.stopPrank();
vm.warp(santasList.CHRISTMAS_2023_BLOCK_TIME() + 1);
vm.startPrank(user);
santasList.collectPresent();
vm.stopPrank();
vm.startPrank(attacker);
console2.log("Attacker's santa token balance before buying present", santaToken.balanceOf(attacker));
console2.log("User's santa token balance before buying present", santaToken.balanceOf(user));
santasList.buyPresent(user);
assertEq(santasList.balanceOf(attacker), 1);
assertEq(santaToken.balanceOf(user), 0);
vm.stopPrank();
}

Recommended Mitigation

The intended behavior is that users can only purchase a present using their own SantaTokens, remove the user-controlled `presentReceiver` parameter and burn tokens from `msg.sender`.
- function buyPresent(address presentReceiver) external {
- i_santaToken.burn(presentReceiver);
+ function buyPresent() external {
+ i_santaToken.burn(msg.sender);
_mintAndIncrement();
}
Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge about 4 hours ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[H-03] SantasList::buyPresent burns token from presentReceiver instead of caller and also sends present to caller instead of presentReceiver.

## Description The `buyPresent` function sends the present to the `caller` of the function but burns token from `presentReceiver` but the correct method should be the opposite of it. Due to this implementation of the function, malicious caller can mint NFT by burning the balance of other users by passing any arbitrary address for the `presentReceiver` field and tokens will be deducted from the `presentReceiver` and NFT will be minted to the malicious caller. Also, the NatSpec mentions that one has to approve `SantasList` contract to burn their tokens but it is not required and even without approving the funds can be burnt which means that the attacker can burn the balance of everyone and mint a large number of NFT for themselves. `buyPresent` function should send the present (NFT) to the `presentReceiver` and should burn the SantaToken from the caller i.e. `msg.sender`. ## Vulnerability Details The vulnerability lies inside the SantasList contract inside the `buyPresent` function starting from line 172. The buyPresent function takes in `presentReceiver` as an argument and burns the balance from `presentReceiver` instead of the caller i.e. `msg.sender`, as a result of which an attacker can specify any address for the `presentReceiver` that has approved or not approved the SantasToken (it doesn't matter whether they have approved token or not) to be spent by the SantasList contract, and as they are the caller of the function, they will get the NFT while burning the SantasToken balance of the address specified in `presentReceiver`. This vulnerability occurs due to wrong implementation of the buyPresent function instead of minting NFT to presentReceiver it is minted to caller as well as the tokens are burnt from presentReceiver instead of burning them from `msg.sender`. Also, the NatSpec mentions that one has to approve `SantasList` contract to burn their tokens but it is not required and even without approving the funds can be burnt which means that the attacker can burn the balance of everyone and mint a large number of NFT for themselves. ```cpp /* * @notice Buy a present for someone else. This should only be callable by anyone with SantaTokens. * @dev You'll first need to approve the SantasList contract to spend your SantaTokens. */ function buyPresent(address presentReceiver) external { @> i_santaToken.burn(presentReceiver); @> _mintAndIncrement(); } ``` ## PoC Add the test in the file: `test/unit/SantasListTest.t.sol` Run the test: ```cpp forge test --mt test_AttackerCanMintNft_ByBurningTokensOfOtherUsers ``` ```cpp function test_AttackerCanMintNft_ByBurningTokensOfOtherUsers() public { // address of the attacker address attacker = makeAddr("attacker"); vm.startPrank(santa); // Santa checks user once as EXTRA_NICE santasList.checkList(user, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE); // Santa checks user second time santasList.checkTwice(user, SantasList.Status.EXTRA_NICE); vm.stopPrank(); // christmas time 🌳🎁 HO-HO-HO vm.warp(santasList.CHRISTMAS_2023_BLOCK_TIME()); // User collects their NFT and tokens for being EXTRA_NICE vm.prank(user); santasList.collectPresent(); assertEq(santaToken.balanceOf(user), 1e18); uint256 attackerInitNftBalance = santasList.balanceOf(attacker); // attacker get themselves the present by passing presentReceiver as user and burns user's SantaToken vm.prank(attacker); santasList.buyPresent(user); // user balance is decremented assertEq(santaToken.balanceOf(user), 0); assertEq(santasList.balanceOf(attacker), attackerInitNftBalance + 1); } ``` ## Impact - Due to the wrong implementation of function, an attacker can mint NFT by burning the SantaToken of other users by passing their address for the `presentReceiver` argument. The protocol assumes that user has to approve the SantasList in order to burn token on their behalf but it will be burnt even though they didn't approve it to `SantasList` contract, because directly `_burn` function is called directly by the `burn` function and both of them don't check for approval. - Attacker can burn the balance of everyone and mint a large number of NFT for themselves. ## Recommendations - Burn the SantaToken from the caller i.e., `msg.sender` - Mint NFT to the `presentReceiver` ```diff + function _mintAndIncrementToUser(address user) private { + _safeMint(user, s_tokenCounter++); + } function buyPresent(address presentReceiver) external { - i_santaToken.burn(presentReceiver); - _mintAndIncrement(); + i_santaToken.burn(msg.sender); + _mintAndIncrementToUser(presentReceiver); } ``` By applying this recommendation, there is no need to worry about the approvals and the vulnerability - 'tokens can be burnt even though users don't approve' will have zero impact as the tokens are now burnt from the caller. Therefore, an attacker can't burn others token.

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