Santa's List

AI First Flight #3
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EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: high
Valid

checkList missing onlySanta — anyone can grief the nice list and permanently block victims from collecting

Description

checkTwice carries the onlySanta modifier, but checkList does not. Anyone can call checkList(victim, NAUGHTY) to overwrite santa's first-pass result. Afterwards santa's checkTwice(victim, <original status>) permanently reverts with SantasList__SecondCheckDoesntMatchFirst, because the two passes must match and the first pass was tampered with. The victim can never collect a present, and santa cannot repair it (short of redeploying). The natspec describes both passes as "Only callable by santa".

Root cause

// src/SantasList.sol — NOTE: no onlySanta
function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}
// compare: checkTwice HAS onlySanta
function checkTwice(address person, Status status) external onlySanta {
if (s_theListCheckedOnce[person] != status) {
revert SantasList__SecondCheckDoesntMatchFirst(); // permanently reverts once tampered
}
s_theListCheckedTwice[person] = status;
emit CheckedTwice(person, status);
}

s_theListCheckedOnce is the input to checkTwice, yet its write path is permissionless. Even santa cannot overwrite it back usefully — the attacker can front-run/re-grief repeatedly, and the natspec promises santa-only access for both passes.

Impact

  • Attacker watches CheckedOnce events; after santa flags a user NICE, immediately overwrites with checkList(user, NAUGHTY).

  • Santa's legitimate checkTwice(user, NICE) reverts forever → the user never receives a present. Santa is powerless.

  • Batchable across all users — the entire Santa's List event can be bricked.

Risk

Likelihood: Medium — the call itself is permissionless and trivial, but it requires an attacker actively watching events to grief, rather than triggering spontaneously.

Proof of Concept

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.22;
import {SantasList} from "../../src/SantasList.sol";
import {SantaToken} from "../../src/SantaToken.sol";
import {Test, console} from "forge-std/Test.sol";
contract SantasListGriefingPoC is Test {
SantasList santasList;
address santa = makeAddr("santa");
address user = makeAddr("user");
address attacker = makeAddr("attacker");
function setUp() public {
vm.startPrank(santa);
santasList = new SantasList();
vm.stopPrank();
}
function testPoC_CheckListGriefing() public {
vm.prank(santa);
santasList.checkList(user, SantasList.Status.NICE); // santa's legitimate first pass
vm.prank(attacker);
santasList.checkList(user, SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); // stranger overwrites it
vm.prank(santa);
vm.expectRevert(SantasList.SantasList__SecondCheckDoesntMatchFirst.selector);
santasList.checkTwice(user, SantasList.Status.NICE); // santa's second pass bricked forever
}
}

forge test --match-test testPoC_CheckListGriefing → PASS.

Recommended Mitigation

- function checkList(address person, Status status) external {
+ function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta {
s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status;
emit CheckedOnce(person, status);
}

Rationale: the natspec for both passes says "Only callable by santa", and checkTwice already enforces it — the missing modifier on checkList is plainly an oversight. s_theListCheckedOnce is intermediate state of santa's exclusive workflow and must have no other writers. Zero side effects on santa's own calls; the griefing path is closed entirely.

Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge about 1 hour ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[H-01] Anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract and prevent any address from becoming `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` and collect present.

## Description With the current design of the protocol, anyone is able to call `checkList` function in SantasList contract, while documentation says only Santa should be able to call it. This can be considered as an access control vulnerability, because not only santa is allowed to make the first check. ## Vulnerability Details An attacker could simply call the external `checkList` function, passing as parameter the address of someone else and the enum Status `NAUGHTY`(or `NOT_CHECKED_TWICE`, which should actually be `UNKNOWN` given documentation). By doing that, Santa will not be able to execute `checkTwice` function correctly for `NICE` and `EXTRA_NICE` people. Indeed, if Santa first checked a user and assigned the status `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`, anyone is able to call `checkList` function again, and by doing so modify the status. This could result in Santa unable to execute the second check. Moreover, any malicious actor could check the mempool and front run Santa just before calling `checkTwice` function to check users. This would result in a major denial of service issue. ## Impact The impact of this vulnerability is HIGH as it results in a broken mechanism of the check list system. Any user could be declared `NAUGHTY` for the first check at any time, preventing present collecting by users although Santa considered the user as `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE`. Santa could still call `checkList` function again to reassigned the status to `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` before calling `checkTwice` function, but any malicious actor could front run the call to `checkTwice` function. In this scenario, it would be impossible for Santa to actually double check a `NICE` or `EXTRA_NICE` user. ## Proof of Concept Just copy paste this test in SantasListTest contract : ``` function testDosAttack() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // any user can checList any address and assigned status to naughty // an attacker could front run Santa before the second check santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); vm.startPrank(santa); vm.expectRevert(); // Santa is unable to check twice the user santasList.checkTwice(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NICE); vm.stopPrank(); } ``` ## Recommendations I suggest to add the `onlySanta` modifier to `checkList` function. This will ensure the first check can only be done by Santa, and prevent DOS attack on the contract. With this modifier, specification will be respected : "In this contract Only Santa to take the following actions: - checkList: A function that changes an address to a new Status of NICE, EXTRA_NICE, NAUGHTY, or UNKNOWN on the original s_theListCheckedOnce list." The following code will resolve this access control issue, simply by adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function checkList(address person, Status status) external onlySanta { s_theListCheckedOnce[person] = status; emit CheckedOnce(person, status); } ``` No malicious actor is now able to front run Santa before `checkTwice` function call. The following tests shows that doing the first check for another user is impossible after adding `onlySanta` modifier: ``` function testDosResolved() external { vm.startPrank(makeAddr("attacker")); // checklist function call will revert if a user tries to execute the first check for another user vm.expectRevert(SantasList.SantasList__NotSanta.selector); santasList.checkList(makeAddr("user"), SantasList.Status.NAUGHTY); vm.stopPrank(); } ```

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