Snowman Merkle Airdrop

AI First Flight #10
Beginner FriendlyFoundrySolidityNFT
EXP
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Submission Details
Severity: low
Valid

`s_earnTimer` is a single global variable, so one user's earn blocks every other user from `earnSnow`

Root + Impact

The weekly free-earn cooldown is stored in one contract-wide variable (s_earnTimer) instead of per user, so only one address per week can earn across the entire protocol.

Description

  • Per the protocol description, Snow tokens can be earned for free once a week. Each user is expected to have their own weekly cooldown.

  • s_earnTimer is a single uint256 shared by all users. Whenever any user calls earnSnow (or buySnow), it is overwritten with the current timestamp, and earnSnow reverts for everyone until a week has passed since that write.

// Snow.sol, line 30
uint256 private s_earnTimer; // one value for the whole contract
​
// Snow.sol, lines 92-99
function earnSnow() external canFarmSnow {
if (s_earnTimer != 0 && block.timestamp < (s_earnTimer + 1 weeks)) {
revert S__Timer(); // reverts for ANY caller inside the window
}
_mint(msg.sender, 1);
​
s_earnTimer = block.timestamp; // overwritten globally
}
​
// Snow.sol, line 87 (inside buySnow)
s_earnTimer = block.timestamp; // buying also resets the shared timer

Risk

Likelihood: High

  • Any normal use triggers it. The moment one user earns or buys, every other user is locked out of earnSnow for a week.

Impact: Low

  • The free-earn feature works for roughly one user per week across the whole protocol, which breaks a core advertised mechanic. No funds are lost, and users can still buy Snow.

Proof of Concept

Add the following to test/SnowTimerPoC.t.sol and run:

forge test --match-path test/SnowTimerPoC.t.sol --match-test test_globalTimerBlocksOtherUsers -vv
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.24;
​
import {Test} from "forge-std/Test.sol";
import {Snow} from "../src/Snow.sol";
​
contract SnowTimerPoC is Test {
Snow snow;
address weth = makeAddr("weth");
address collector = makeAddr("collector");
address alice = makeAddr("alice");
address bob = makeAddr("bob");
​
function setUp() public {
snow = new Snow(weth, 5, collector);
}
​
function test_globalTimerBlocksOtherUsers() public {
// Alice earns her free Snow
vm.prank(alice);
snow.earnSnow();
assertEq(snow.balanceOf(alice), 1);
​
// Bob has never earned, but is blocked by Alice's timer
vm.prank(bob);
vm.expectRevert(Snow.S__Timer.selector);
snow.earnSnow();
assertEq(snow.balanceOf(bob), 0);
​
// Only after a full week (measured from ALICE's earn) can Bob earn
vm.warp(block.timestamp + 1 weeks);
vm.prank(bob);
snow.earnSnow();
assertEq(snow.balanceOf(bob), 1);
}
}

Output:

[PASS] test_globalTimerBlocksOtherUsers() (gas: 133929)
Suite result: ok. 3 passed; 0 failed; 0 skipped

The test passes, showing Bob reverts with S__Timer even though he never earned.

Recommended Mitigation

Track the cooldown per user and stop buySnow from touching it:

- uint256 private s_earnTimer;
+ mapping(address => uint256) private s_lastEarn;
​
function earnSnow() external canFarmSnow {
- if (s_earnTimer != 0 && block.timestamp < (s_earnTimer + 1 weeks)) {
+ if (s_lastEarn[msg.sender] != 0 && block.timestamp < s_lastEarn[msg.sender] + 1 weeks) {
revert S__Timer();
}
+ s_lastEarn[msg.sender] = block.timestamp;
_mint(msg.sender, 1);
-
- s_earnTimer = block.timestamp;
}
​
function buySnow(uint256 amount) external payable canFarmSnow {
...
- s_earnTimer = block.timestamp;
emit SnowBought(msg.sender, amount);
}
Updates

Lead Judging Commences

ai-first-flight-judge Lead Judge about 1 hour ago
Submission Judgement Published
Validated
Assigned finding tags:

[L-02] Global Timer Reset in Snow::buySnow Denies Free Claims for All Users

## Description: The `Snow::buySnow` function contains a critical flaw where it resets a global timer `(s_earnTimer)` to the current block timestamp on every invocation. This timer controls eligibility for free token claims via `Snow::earnSnow()`, which requires 1 week to pass since the last timer reset. As a result: Any token purchase `(via buySnow)` blocks all free claims for all users for 7 days Malicious actors can permanently suppress free claims with micro-transactions Contradicts protocol documentation promising **"free weekly claims per user"** ## Impact: * **Complete Denial-of-Service:** Free claim mechanism becomes unusable * **Broken Protocol Incentives:** Undermines core user acquisition strategy * **Economic Damage:** Eliminates promised free distribution channel * **Reputation Harm:** Users perceive protocol as dishonest ```solidity function buySnow(uint256 amount) external payable canFarmSnow { if (msg.value == (s_buyFee * amount)) { _mint(msg.sender, amount); } else { i_weth.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), (s_buyFee * amount)); _mint(msg.sender, amount); } @> s_earnTimer = block.timestamp; emit SnowBought(msg.sender, amount); } ``` ## Risk **Likelihood**: • Triggered by normal protocol usage (any purchase) • Requires only one transaction every 7 days to maintain blockage • Incentivized attack (low-cost disruption) **Impact**: • Permanent suppression of core protocol feature • Loss of user trust and adoption • Violates documented tokenomics ## Proof of Concept **Attack Scenario:** Permanent Free Claim Suppression * Attacker calls **buySnow(1)** with minimum payment * **s\_earnTimer** sets to current timestamp (T0) * All **earnSnow()** calls revert for **next 7 days** * On day 6, attacker repeats **buySnow(1)** * New timer reset (T1 = T0+6 days) * Free claims blocked until **T1+7 days (total 13 days)** * Repeat step **4 every 6 days → permanent blockage** **Test Case:** ```solidity // Day 0: Deploy contract snow = new Snow(...); // s_earnTimer = 0 // UserA claims successfully snow.earnSnow(); // Success (first claim always allowed) // Day 1: UserB buys 1 token snow.buySnow(1); // Resets global timer to day 1 // Day 2: UserA attempts claim snow.earnSnow(); // Reverts! Requires day 1+7 = day 8 // Day 7: UserC buys 1 token (day 7 < day 1+7) snow.buySnow(1); // Resets timer to day 7 // Day 8: UserA retries snow.earnSnow(); // Still reverts! Now requires day 7+7 = day 14 ``` ## Recommended Mitigation **Step 1:** Remove Global Timer Reset from `buySnow` ```diff function buySnow(uint256 amount) external payable canFarmSnow { // ... existing payment logic ... - s_earnTimer = block.timestamp; emit SnowBought(msg.sender, amount); } ``` **Step 2:** Implement Per-User Timer in `earnSnow` ```solidity // Add new state variable mapping(address => uint256) private s_lastClaimTime; function earnSnow() external canFarmSnow { // Check per-user timer instead of global if (s_lastClaimTime[msg.sender] != 0 && block.timestamp < s_lastClaimTime[msg.sender] + 1 weeks ) { revert S__Timer(); } _mint(msg.sender, 1); s_lastClaimTime[msg.sender] = block.timestamp; // Update user-specific timer emit SnowEarned(msg.sender, 1); // Add missing event } ``` **Step 3:** Initialize First Claim (Constructor) ```solidity constructor(...) { // Initialize with current timestamp to prevent immediate claims s_lastClaimTime[address(0)] = block.timestamp; } ```

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