Summary

Critical functions in the smart contract lack appropriate access control mechanisms, allowing unauthorized users to invoke these functions. This oversight can lead to unauthorized actions, compromising the security and integrity of the contract.

Vulnerability Details

The installModule, uninstallModule, and upgradeToAndCall functions are critical operations that manage the installation and removal of modules as well as contract upgrades. However, these functions are protected only by the onlyEntryPointOrSelf modifier. This modifier checks if the caller is either the EntryPoint or the contract itself, but it does not provide robust access control to prevent unauthorized access and potential exploitation.

Impact

Exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker could:

• Install malicious modules, altering the behavior of the smart contract.

• Uninstall legitimate modules, causing disruptions in the expected functionalities.

• Upgrade the contract to a malicious implementation, potentially taking full control over the contract.

Tools Used

Manual Review

Recommendations

• Implement multi-signature authorization for critical functions, ensuring that multiple trusted parties must approve these sensitive operations.

• Introduce an additional access control layer, such as role-based access control (RBAC), to restrict who can call these critical functions.

• Regularly audit access control mechanisms to ensure they align with best security practices